Internal set theory: A new approach to nonstandard analysis
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Internal Set Theory: a New Approach to Nonstandard Analysis
1. Internal set theory. We present here a new approach to Abraham Robinson's nonstandard analysis [10] with the aim of making these powerful methods readily available to the working mathematician. This approach to nonstandard analysis is based on a theory which we call internal set theory (1ST). We start with axiomatic set theory, say ZFC (Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory with the axiom of choice [1...
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Do infinitesimals exist? This question arises naturally in calculus when one wants to write f(x+Δx) f(x) + f ′(x)Δx. This equation should hold for infinitesimal Δx where the notation a b means that a− b is infinitesimal. Much calculus can be done without bothering to define infinitesimal and using the equation above as a working definition of f ′(x). For mathematicians, of course, this is not a...
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هدف اصلی از این تحقیق به دست آوردن و مقایسه حق بیمه باورمندی در مدل های شمارشی گزارش نشده برای داده های طولی می باشد. در این تحقیق حق بیمه های پبش گویی بر اساس توابع ضرر مربع خطا و نمایی محاسبه شده و با هم مقایسه می شود. تمایل به گرفتن پاداش و جایزه یکی از دلایل مهم برای گزارش ندادن تصادفات می باشد و افراد برای استفاده از تخفیف اغلب از گزارش تصادفات با هزینه پائین خودداری می کنند، در این تحقیق ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society
سال: 1977
ISSN: 0002-9904
DOI: 10.1090/s0002-9904-1977-14398-x